Students have to improve their vocabulary of technical words. The students are advised to study the meaning of words given below, the following technical words given will help students to improve better understanding of all subjects, including chemistry, physics, Mathematics, and all other engineering subjects as well.
Combustion - the chemical reaction used in the presence of oxygen.
Spontaneous - of itself, automatically, without the aid of an external agency.
Ignition - (from the word 'ignite') — setting fire to cause to burn.
Brittle - hard but easily broken.
Heat (n) - the quality or quantity of being warm hot.
Boil (vt) - to reach the temperature at which liquid changes into a gas.
Hard scale - deposit of hard chemicals inside a tube which cannot be broken easily.
Corrosion - chemical or electrochemical attack on the surface of a metal.
Erosion - the act of wearing or rubbing away e.g.; soil erosion by rain and wind.
Emery sheet - sheet used for cleaning the metal surface by rubbing.
Scratch - to rub and tear or mark (a surface) with something pointed or rough.
Scrap - make clean, or smooth.
Emission - sending out of heat, light, or electrons.
Electron - a very small particle of negative charge that forms part of an atom.
Application - putting to practical demonstration of a principle.
Feedback - the use of part of the output of a system to control its performance sending. back signals about the results of process into apparatus.
Oscillation - swinging backward and forward.
Bias - cause to go one side rather than the other; weight that causes this.
Oscillator - instrument for producing oscillating (swinging) electric current.
Recorder - apparatus that records (disc on which sound is registered).
Momentum - vector product of mass and electricity.
Retardation - the process of slowing down.
Pressure - a force applied over an area.
Centripetal force - the force directed toward center in a curve like a circle.
Centrifugal force - force pulling from the center in a system that is being swing round.
Kinetic energy - the energy of a moving body.
Pouring - from the word 'pour' cause ( a liquid or a substance that flows like a liquid) to flow in a continuous stream.
Potential energy - energy stored due to position.
Vibration - single to and fro movement when equilibrium has been disturbed.
Isothermal lines - lines on the map through places that have the same temperature; lines on a graph showing the relation of changes of volume pressure of a gas.
Adiabatic - process in which there is no passing in or out of heat.
Diffusion - spreading out of a substance through liquid or of a gas in air or light through frosted glass or smoke.
Conduction - passing electricity along a substance (e.g., wire), passing heat along a substance.
Radiation - the sending out of energy, heat, light, radio, or x-rays in the form of waves.
Convection - the conveying of heat from one part of a liquid or gas to another by the movement of heated substances.
Refrigeration - cooling and freezing.
Moment - (of force) product of the force and the perpendicular distance of the point from its line of action.
Flux density - (of a magnet) the number of lines that pass through 1 sq.cm. at right angles.
Hysteresis - delay in returning to the first state after a change.
Dynamo - small electric generator.
Susceptibility - a measure of how easily a substance can be magnetized .e.g. iron is more susceptible than steel.
Permeability - the rate at which something such as a liquid or a magnetic field passes through a membrane or other medium.
Mho - the conductance of a body (e.g., wire) whose resistance is one ohm.
Capacitance - measure of the power of a capacitor (= an electric condenser) to hold electricity.
Reactance - the combined effect of the reactance and the resistance is impedance.
Inductance - property of inducting an electromagnetic force due to changing flux.
Generator - a machine for producing electric current (e.g., as, in a power station).
Potential - energy of an electric charge, expressed in volts.
Potential difference - difference of electric pressure.
Concave - (lens) curved in-wards not out-wards like a ball e.g. a concave mirror.
Convex - (lens) thicker in the middle than at the edge.
Refraction - bending of a ray of light when passing from one substance to another e.g., from air to water.
Reflection - throwing back (light, heat, sound); (of a mirror) send back an image of.
Diffraction - the slight bending of waves (e.g., light electrons) when they pass by a sharp edge.
Polarization - the gathering of a chemical substance (e.g. hydrogen) around one of the plates of an electric cell so that the cell loses some of its power.
Transparent - letting light through e.g., clear glass.
Opaque - not allowing light to pass through; that cannot be seen through.
Photon - particle of light, a particle with zero rest mass consisting of a quantum of electromagnetic radiation.
Corpuscle - a very small piece of substance, or a cell e.g., blood corpuscles.
Nucleus - (of atom) the central part of an atom; it consists of protons and neutrons, around which the electrons move. (In the nucleus of a hydrogen atom there is only one proton (and no neutron.)
Atom - the smallest part of an element which still has the chemical character of the element.
Mass - lump, quantity of matter without regular shape.
Fission - splitting into two e.g. of a cell, of a star- of the nucleus of an atom.
Fusion - joining together to become one e.g. of nuclei of cells, of nuclei of atoms.
Atomic bomb - nucleus (central part of atoms of uranium 235 or of plutonium).
Hydrogen bomb - bomb that obtain part of its explosive power from the fusion (joining in bomb to one ) of the nuclei of light atoms (e.g. Heavy hydrogen).
Reactor - machine in which uranium or plutonium atoms are made to split up in a controlled way so as to produce heat or atomic radiations (or new fissile substances).
Fissile - able to split, used especially of atomic nuclei which, can be split fairly easily into two smaller nuclei and other particles.
Spectrograph - instrument used for photographing the spectrum.
Isotopes - atoms of different atomic weight, but chemically the same substance (same atomic number).
Isobar - line drawn on a map through different places which have the same barometer pressure at same time.
Radioactivity - spontaneous disintegration of certain atomic nuclei accompanied by the emission of alpha, beta, gamma radiations.
Beta- particles - particles of negative charge (electrons) sent out at nearly the speed of light from the nuclei of some radioactive substances.
Algebra - a branch of mathematics in which signs and letters are used instead of numbers.
Algorithm - a method of solving a problem involving a finite series of steps.
Angle - the space between two lines or surface that meet or cross each Other.
Diameter - a straight line going from side to side through the Centre of a circle.
Geometry - the study in mathematics of the angles and shapes formed by the relationship of lines, surfaces, and solids in space.
Geophysics - the study of the movements and activities of parts of the earth, including the sea bed.
Hyperbola - a curve that never reaches the sides that it curves towards.
Perpendicular - exactly upright; not earning to one side or the other; an angle of 90 degrees to a line or surface.
Prism - a solid figure with a flat base and parallel upright edges.
Pyramid - A solid object where the base is a polygon (a straight-sided shape), and the sides are triangles that meet at the top (the apex).
Radius - the distance from the Centre of a circle or sphere.
Artificial intelligence - The ability of computers or other machines to perform those activities that are normally thought to require human intelligence.
Assembler - a program designed to convert symbolic instruction into a form suitable for execution on a computer. Also known as assembly programme; assembly routine.
Chip - an integrated micro circuit performing a significant number of functions and constituting a subsystem (a device made of silicon).
Hardware - the physical, tangible, and permanent components of a computer or a data - processing system.
Input - the information that is delivered to a data - processing device.
Memory - any apparatus in which data may be stored and from which the same data may be retrieved.
Output - the data actively transmitted from within the computer to an external device, or onto a permanent recording medium (paper, microfilm).
Program - a detailed and explicit set of directions for accomplishing some purpose, the set being expressed in some language suitable for input to a computer.
Microprocessor - a computer central processing unit that is manufactured on a single integrated circuit chip (or several chips) by utilizing large-scale integration technology.
Semiconductor - a solid crystalline material whose electrical conductivity is intermediate between that of a metal and an insulator.
Zero conductivity - the property of zero electrical resistance.
Ultrasonic - (sound) having a pitch about the upper limit of human hearing.
